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What Is TMS Therapy? A Complete Guide

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is a non-invasive, FDA-cleared treatment that uses precisely targeted magnetic pulses to stimulate underactive regions of the brain responsible for mood regulation — without medication, anesthesia, or recovery time.

The Basics

Magnetic stimulation. Measurable neurological change. No systemic effects.

TMS works by delivering brief magnetic pulses — similar in strength to those used in MRI machines — through a coil placed against the scalp. These pulses penetrate the skull painlessly and stimulate neurons in the targeted brain region.

In patients with Major Depressive Disorder, the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) — a region critical to mood regulation — is measurably underactive. TMS targets this region directly, using repeated stimulation to promote neuroplasticity and restore healthy neural circuit activity over the course of treatment.

Unlike antidepressants, which work systemically through the bloodstream, TMS acts locally and directly — without affecting the rest of the body, and without the systemic side effects that cause many patients to discontinue medication.

How a Session Works
  • 01
    You sit in a reclining chair — fully awakeNo anesthesia, no sedation, no IV. You can read, listen to music, or simply relax during the session.
  • 02
    The NeuroStar coil is positioned on your scalpOur team uses precise anatomical landmarks and your personal motor threshold calibration to ensure consistent coil placement at every session.
  • 03
    Magnetic pulses stimulate the DLPFCYou will feel a mild tapping sensation on the scalp. Each pulse lasts milliseconds. A standard session delivers thousands of pulses over 20–37 minutes.
  • 04
    You leave immediately after — no recoveryDrive yourself home. Return to work. Continue your normal daily activities. There is no downtime.
2008Year TMS received FDA clearance for Major Depressive DisorderFDA Clearance Record
5.5M+NeuroStar treatments delivered in the United StatesNeuroStar Registry
58%Patient response rate in treatment-resistant depressionFDA Approval Trials
TMS at a Glance
Non-invasive — no surgery, no electrodes
No anesthesia or sedation required
20–37 minutes per session
5 sessions per week for 4–6 weeks
No systemic side effects
Drive yourself to and from every session
Compatible with medication and therapy
FDA-cleared for MDD, OCD, and adolescents 15+
Is TMS Right for You?

TMS is most appropriate for patients with a documented MDD diagnosis who have not achieved adequate improvement with at least one antidepressant. Call (719) 602-0622 for a free eligibility review.

Who TMS Is For

Clinical candidacy — the criteria that determine eligibility.

Treatment-Resistant Depression

The primary indication. Patients who have tried at least one antidepressant at an adequate dose and duration without satisfactory improvement are the core TMS candidate population.

Medication Intolerance

Patients who experience intolerable side effects from antidepressants — weight gain, sexual dysfunction, cognitive blunting — may qualify for TMS regardless of whether medications partially worked.

Preference for Non-Pharmacological Treatment

Some patients prefer to avoid medication entirely. While insurance typically requires a prior medication trial, out-of-pocket TMS is available for patients who decline pharmacotherapy on principle.

Co-occurring PTSD & Depression

For veterans and others with PTSD and concurrent MDD, TMS addresses both conditions through a shared neurological mechanism and is covered by TRICARE and the VA.

Anxious Depression

NeuroStar holds a specific FDA clearance for patients whose depression is accompanied by significant anxiety — the only TMS system with this designation.

Adolescents Ages 15+

Following NeuroStar's 2024 FDA clearance for adolescent MDD, High Peaks TMS offers TMS for patients age 15 and older with a physician referral and documented prior medication trial.

FAQ — What Is TMS?
Is TMS the same as ECT (electroconvulsive therapy)?
No. TMS and ECT are fundamentally different. ECT uses electrical current to induce a controlled seizure and requires general anesthesia. TMS uses magnetic pulses that don't cause seizures, require no anesthesia, and produce none of the memory or cognitive side effects associated with ECT. Read our full comparison: TMS vs. ECT.
How long until I notice results?
Most patients begin noticing meaningful improvement between weeks two and three of treatment. The full course — 36 sessions over 4–6 weeks — is recommended before outcomes are formally assessed, as the neuroplasticity changes driving improvement accumulate gradually.
Does TMS hurt?
TMS is not painful. Most patients describe a mild tapping or clicking sensation on the scalp during treatment. This diminishes significantly after the first few sessions as the scalp adapts to the stimulation.
Can I stop taking my antidepressants during TMS?
This decision should be made in consultation with your prescribing physician — not unilaterally. TMS is compatible with antidepressant medication and can be used alongside existing pharmacotherapy. Many patients gradually reduce medications under physician supervision after responding to TMS.

Ready to learn if TMS is right for you?

Free consultation. We review your clinical history and insurance at no charge.